Fourth Grade

Unit 4 Modern Maryland

Teacher Notes/Fourth Grade Home

Essential Questions	Teacher Resources	Student Resources
MDSE 3.0.C.1.b Explain how changes in transportation and communication led to the growth and development of towns and cities in Maryland and the United States.
How has Maryland grown and developed since the late 1800s to today?	To engage students in the lesson, lead them in a discussion as to the effects changes in cell phones have had on the growth and development of communities. Use this infographic depicting the evolution of cell phones. Then, you can print these transportation photos and these communication photos for students to analyze in groups using this photo analysis worksheet. See "Student Resources" for a computer lab/Chromebook-friendly version of this lesson. Use this lesson with students to have them evaluate how the Port of Baltimore has changed from 1706 - 2006. Lesson Plan with Handouts Port of Baltimore Over Time - Powerpoint Geographic Characteristics Port Glossary Activity with Images (this is referenced at the end of the Powerpoint above) Building the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Lesson A lesson from the B&O Museum where students analyze primary sources (paintings and documents) as well as read text to determine how the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was a major part of westward expansion. Teacher Note: Can be used as a student resource to be completed in the computer lab or done as a class. Student Questions - These questions come directly from the B&O online lesson. They can be edited as needed or distributed to students in Roster Manager/Office 365/Google Docs for use on computers.	Students will analyze transportation photographs (PowerPoint) and/or communication photographs (PowerPoint). Students will then record their findings using this photograph analysis worksheet (may be printed/written on or saved/typed in to record their findings. Can be completed in computer lab or on Chromebooks.) Students will type answers to the prompts on this TouchPoints document to synthesize their learning on this topic. Transportation Over Time in the U.S. Students will read and analyze interactive maps to determine how transportation in the United States has changed over time. America on the Move - Transportation Videos Students will read about and watch videos from the History Channel and the National Museum of American History on the changes in transportation over time. Option 1: Afterwards, students will use the information from the videos to complete a timeline of transportation over time. Option 2: Afterwards, students will pretend they are a time traveler and will record how they've "observed" transportation changing over time in their journal. America on the Move - Search for Artifacts Students will search the National Museum of American History's online collection by subject, time, and location in America. Building the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Online Lesson Students will view and interpret maps, images, and text to understand the impact of the building of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Communication Over Time - Infographic Students will explore an infographic on how communication has changed over time. B&O Museum - Virtual Field Trip Students will explore the collections of the B&O Museum in Baltimore to see how transportation in Maryland has changed over time.
MSDE 3.0.C.1.b Describe ways and reasons people in Maryland and the United States modify the natural environment and the consequences of modifications.
How do people and industry affect Maryland's environment?	Introduce the idea of how industry can change the environment, show students the video, The Effects of Industrialization and discuss. Login to Discovery Education before selecting the link. The Chesapeake Bay Foundation outlines issues affecting our Bay. The end of the article includes links to pages that describe positive things we are doing to help. Use the following video with students that details information on the creation of the first Earth Day and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). *Note: This video is also available to students under the "Goods and Services" standard. Center on Congress: The EPA	The Effects of Industrialization Students will view a short video (2 minutes, 4 seconds) to learn how humans are changing the environment around them. Login to Discovery Education before selecting the link. Sparrows Point in History Students will insert text boxes and arrows to label places on the photograph of historical Sparrows Point in Baltimore where humans may have made changes to the original environment. Air Pollution, Deforestation, and Global Warming Water Pollution Industrial Pollution Students will view the videos and cartoon above and record their findings about the different types of pollution in a tree map.  Alternate Option: Students will create a "Wanted" poster identifying the type of pollution they most want to stop.
MSDE 4.0.4.a Explain how available resources determine which careers are more common in one region such as watermen on the Eastern Shore.
How do different resources lead to careers in Maryland and in other regions?	Background information from the National Museum of American History on Commercial Fishers: Chesapeake Oysters. Includes primary source artifact photographs.	Students will listen to/read two short articles (below) about the different industries in Maryland and compare and contrast them. Manufacturing in Maryland Maryland's Eastern Shore Compare and Contrast Students will watch videos on local companies to learn how they impact each other and how Maryland's resources drive their businesses. The Choptank Oyster Company Harford Systems - Local Manufacturing Company Maryland Watermen After watching the videos, students will create a postcard to send to a friend living outside of Maryland. Students will describe one type of business/career and the resources that make it a appropriate for Maryland. Students will read short passages about two of Maryland's regions and type a response to a text-based question. Students should save the document and print their final answer. Eastern Shore vs Baltimore Students will analyze the chart in the link below to see if they can find connections between the top jobs in Maryland and Maryland's resources. Students will record their findings in the chart (Microsoft Word). An example has been done for you. Top Jobs in Maryland Maryland Jobs Recording Chart
MSDE 2.0.B.1.b Describe the contribution of individuals and groups.
How do individuals and groups contribute to the development and reform of Maryland?	View the video linked below with students and have them record notes on the people and groups of people mentioned in the video. Lead a discussion about the possible contributions of these individuals and groups. Maryland Assign students a famous Marylander or have them choose one from this list. Then, have them use the online databases and/or find biographies from the site below to research their figure. They will prepare an oral report or written report on this figure. They can use the graphic organizer under Student Resources to take notes. Maryland Biographies	Students will choose (or be assigned) an important Marylander from this list. Students will research thier figure using online databases and/or the Maryland Biographies site below. Students will take notes using the organizer below. Maryland Biographies Important Marylander Notes Students will choose a Maryland woman from the list of biographies below to research. Additional research may be done on the online databases. Then, students will compose a Discovery Education Board to publish their research and share it with others. They may use the template below or create a new board. Maryland Women - Biographies Maryland Women - Discovery Board
MSDE 1.0.A.3.a Analyze perspectives and policies in Maryland regarding historic and current public issues.
How do people form opinions on public issues and how does the government respond to these opinions?	Use the following lesson to introduce the concept of public policy to students while they use the Influencing Public Policy handout. Intro Lesson on Public Policy  Then, use the following image and article to begin a discussion about what the watermen in the photo are doing. Next, use the video about the Chesapeake Bay water quality to help students understand how both the government and citizens are involved in caring for the Bay. Login to Discovery Education before selecting the link.	Students will choose one of the following historical laws in Maryland to read and understand. 1904 Marriage Law in Maryland Transcription of MD Voting Laws, 1776 Then, students will respond to the following questions by typing thier answers in the text boxes. Maryland Law Reflection Questions
MSDE 4.0.B.2.b Explain how local and state governments in Maryland provide goods and services and are paid for by taxes.
How do local governments provide services for Marylanders? Why does the state of Maryland collect taxes?	Show students the School House Rock video, Tax Man Max and have them tweet about what taxes provide. A printable copy of the Four Choice Handout Blank for students to use in the activity on goods and services (to the right).	Students will complete the following multi-step activity to learn about goods and services paid for by taxes. First, students will read about taxes using pages 2-3 of the following document. Taxation Reading Then, students will go on a webquest to discover the goods and services taxes in states like Maryland pay for. They can use the following websites/videos: Taxation Article Where Do Our State Tax Dollars Go? Taxes: How They Help The Government Why Do You Have to Pay Taxes? A Day Without Government Finally, students will record their answers on a Four Choice handout (can be printed or typed directly into the document). Four Choice Handout Example Four Choice Handout Blank Students will view videos about different projects and initiatives that Congress pays for with money from taxes. Center on Congress: Interstate Highway System Center on Congress: National Park System Center on Congress: Head Start Center on Congress: The Environmental Protection Agency
MSDE 4.0.A.1.a Identify opportunity cost of economic decisions made by individuals, businesses, and governments.
How has the opportunity cost of economic decisions affected Marylanders both past and present? How do individuals, businesses, and governments make economic decisions?	Use the following lesson to introduce the concept of "opportunity cost" to students. EconEd: Everyday Opportunities Use the following lesson, along with the book Minty, to help students understand opportunity cost through the life of Harriet Tubman. Minty and Opportunity Cost	Students will complete a multi-step activity on opportunity costs. First, students will learn about opportunity costs by reading a poem about a child who has to choose "This OR That" instead of "This AND That". EconEd: Toys for Me Then, students will answer the discussion questions by typing their answers in this Word document. The document may be saved and printed. (These questions may also be discussed aloud as opposed to typed). Toys for Me Questions Finally, students will personally connect to opportunity costs by determining choices they've recently made and the opportunity costs of those choices. This or That: What Choices Have You Made? Students will view the video to learn about opportunity costs, then they can take a "quiz" to show what they've learned.  EconEd: Opportunity Costs Students will read the article, Making New Money a Very Old Way, and take notes with a partner on the question "What would have been the opportunity cost of not upgrading the technology for making bills?" Making Money a Very New Way - Notes -Pixie *Teacher Note: You may assign partners ahead of time. One partner will open the document above. Then they will click "File - Share Project". They should save this in the "Projects" folder on your school's Goodies drive. There is an "ES" folder inside "Projects" they should put it in. Finally, the second partner opens Pixie, clicks "File - Join Project" and locates the project that was saved by their partner. Students will learn how to make good decision using a printable model. They should read and follow the lesson to complete the activity to choose the best lunch from 3 different websites. The recording sheet on the website is able to be printed. EconEd: Dynamic Decision Making
MSDE 1.0.B.2.a Identify various sources of information that are available to citizens to make political decisions.
How can Marylanders stay informed about their government? What resources are available for citizens of Maryland to find information that would help them make informed political decisions?	Assist students in finding an issue they determine is important. Encourage them to organize their thoughts, suggestions, and information using outlines or Thinking Maps. They can look up their local representative on the site below (also under Student Resources) to write an informed letter regarding their issue. Find Your Representative	Students will read about how representatives are elected and complete a 3-2-1 card on what they've learned. Election of Representatives 3-2-1 Questions- Save this document. Then, you can type directly into it and print your work. Students will participate in this interactive website to learn how citizens stay involved in their government. They will read about staying involved and complete activities as they click through the section titled, "Working to Keep Your Freedom". Interactive - How To Become An Involved Citizen Students will view the video below to learn ways that ordinary citizens can become involved in the political process in their community by making a petition and taking it to elected leaders. Make a Difference Login to Discovery Education before selecting the Link. Please note the video must be downloaded prior to viewing as per AACPS guidelines. Students will view the short videos below to understand ways in which citizens can stay informed about and involved in their government. Citizens Have Rights Citizens Have Responsibilities The Informed Voter Attending Council Meetings Getting Involved In Your Government Login to Discovery Education before selecting the link. Students will read through the information on the site below to learn what steps it takes to register to vote. State Board of Elections - Information on Registering to Vote Then, students will make a visual flow map for new Maryland residents to demonstrate the process to register to vote. Students may use Inspiration, Pixie, or Microsoft Word to do so. In Microsoft Word, students can easily create a flow map by clicking "Insert", "Smart Art", then choosing "Process" and finding a flow map design that works for them. Students will use the website below to locate their local representative. They can often link to the representative's professional website to learn more about them personally and professionally. Find Your Representative
MSDE 1.0.B.2.b Analyze ways people can participate in the political process including voting, petitioning elected officials, and volunteering.
How can Marylanders participate in the political process? What is the most significant way for people to participate in the political process?	Information on voting in Maryland from the State Board of Elections Voting In Maryland - FAQ  After students brainstorm a list of what they think are their rights and responsibilities as United States citizens, they can compare it to those on the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services website. Rights and Responsibilities Then, discuss other ways citizens can be involved in the political process (voting, petitioning, volunteering). Display the poster below for students. It may also be printed for them ahead of time. Have them study the process and determine where and how citizens are involved in the voting process. How to Become President of the United States	Students will view the videos below about ways that citizens can participate in the political process. Volunteering Voting Petitioning - Video 1 Make a Difference - Video 2 on Petitioning Login to Discovery Education before selecting the link. Then, students can make a Discovery Education Board highlighting the ways in which citizens remain involved in the political process (template is created). Citizen Involvement Board

Updated August 2016 /Social Studies Curriculum Guides 2014

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